533
edits
Changes
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
Line 22:
Line 22: − + Line 35:
Line 35: − <noinclude> − {{Documentation}} − <!-- Categories go in the /doc subpage, and interwikis go in Wikidata. --> − </noinclude> − == Specifications == + + + Line 50:
Line 48: + + + − + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + − == Auth/use notes ==+ − − === Parts, controls, and spare parts === − * On/off - − * Dust / grit collection − * Axes − ** Table travel − *** X: the horizontal, left/right table travel − **** Stops on the X-axis travel − *** Z: the forward/backward table travel − ** Y: the vertical spindle travel − * Magnetic chuck − === Safety ===+ − ==== Wheel inspection ====+ Line 79:
Line 103: − ===== Procedure for wheel inspection =====+ Line 87:
Line 111: − ==== Operation ====+ Line 93:
Line 117: − ==== Work holding ====+ Line 112:
Line 136: − ==== Health ====+ − === Grinding wheels ===+ Line 124:
Line 148: − ==== Wheel types ====+ Line 130:
Line 154: − ==== Wheel Shape ====+ Line 168:
Line 192: − ==== Grain size/grit ====+ Line 210:
Line 234: − ==== Hardness grade ====+ Line 254:
Line 278: − ==== Bonding material ====+ Line 280:
Line 304: − ==== Abrasive structure ====+ Line 286:
Line 310: − ==== Abrasive material ====+ Line 351:
Line 375: − === Wheel selection ===+ Line 371:
Line 395: − === Wheel dressing ===+ Line 383:
Line 407: − == To-Do ==+ − − == References == − === Publications === + Line 393:
Line 415: − === Videos ===+ Line 401:
Line 423: + + + + + + + + + + Line 427:
Line 459: + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Boyer Schultz 6-12 Surface Grinder (view source)
Revision as of 01:09, 10 November 2020
, 01:09, 10 November 2020→Specifications
| hackable = no
| hackable = no
| value = $400
| value = $400
| hostarea = Cold Metals
| hostarea=Cold Metals
}}
}}
}}
}}
= Specifications =
The machine is wired for 220 volt, 3 phase, 60 cycle operation.
{|class="wikitable"
{|class="wikitable"
|+ Wheel
! Wheel diameter
! Wheel diameter
| 7"
| 7"
! Wheel hole diameter
! Wheel hole diameter
| 1 1/4"
| 1 1/4"
|-
! Spindle speed
| 3000 RPM
|}
|}
== Tools ==
{|class="wikitable"
|+ Travel
! Axis
! Length
! Handwheel increment
|-
! Longitudinal feed
| 13"
| non-graduated
|-
! Cross feed
| 7"
| 0.001"
|-
! Vertical feed
| 11 1/2"
| 0.0005" (0.0001" vernier)
|}
= Major Components =
<gallery>
File:Boyer-schultz-main-power-switch.jpg|The main power switch; the "manual" setting powers only the spindle motor while the "auto" setting powers the spindle and the dust collector
File:Boyer-schultz-dust-collector.jpg|The dust collector on the left side of the table
File:Boyer-schultz-wheel-and-cover.jpg|The wheel and wheel housing (orange) on the end of the spindle; note the arrow indicating the clockwise rotation
File:Boyer-schultz-wheel-spanner-rack.jpg|The wheel spanner rack and wheel spanner, on the right side of the machine
File:Boyer-schultz-vertical-wheel.jpg|The handwheel for feeding the spindle vertically, at the top of the machine; note also the spindle way oil cup
File:Boyer-schultz-longitudinal-wheel.jpg|The longitudinal feed handwheel, on the left side of the machine's front
File:Boyer-schultz-longitudunal-stops.jpg|The longitudinal stops (left, right) and stop engagement plunger (center) on the front of the machine
File:Boyer-schultz-cross-feed-wheel.jpg|The cross feed handwheel on the front of the machine
File:Boyer-schultz-cross-feed-lock.jpg|The cross feed lock knob (black circle, center) on the right side of the machine, under the table
File:Boyer-schultz-magnetic-chuck.jpg|The magnetic chuck mounted on the machine's table; note the engagement lever, pictured in the 'off' position
</gallery>
= Tools =
Adaptor - https://www.mcmaster.com/#43745a21/=1d6or75
Adaptor - https://www.mcmaster.com/#43745a21/=1d6or75
Puller - https://www.mcmaster.com/#43745a51/=1d6osq6
Puller - https://www.mcmaster.com/#43745a51/=1d6osq6
= Auth/use notes =
== Safety ==
=== Wheel inspection ===
[[File:Surface-grinder-wheel-inspection.jpg|thumb|right|Tap a wheel with the end of a screwdriver to test its ring]]
[[File:Surface-grinder-wheel-inspection.jpg|thumb|right|Tap a wheel with the end of a screwdriver to test its ring]]
<blockquote>All wheels do not emit the same tone; a low tone does not necessarily mean a cracked wheel. Wheels are often filled with various resins or greases to modify their cutting action, and resin or grease deadens the tone. Vitrified and silicate wheels emit a clear metallic ring. Resin, rubber, and shellac bonded wheels emit a tone that is less clear. Regardless of the bond, the sound of a cracked wheel is easy to identify.</blockquote>
<blockquote>All wheels do not emit the same tone; a low tone does not necessarily mean a cracked wheel. Wheels are often filled with various resins or greases to modify their cutting action, and resin or grease deadens the tone. Vitrified and silicate wheels emit a clear metallic ring. Resin, rubber, and shellac bonded wheels emit a tone that is less clear. Regardless of the bond, the sound of a cracked wheel is easy to identify.</blockquote>
==== Procedure for wheel inspection ====
# Suspend the wheel on a pin or a shaft that fits through the hole so that it will be easy to turn, but do not mouth the wheel on the grinder. If the wheel is too large to suspend, stand it on a clean, hard surface.
# Suspend the wheel on a pin or a shaft that fits through the hole so that it will be easy to turn, but do not mouth the wheel on the grinder. If the wheel is too large to suspend, stand it on a clean, hard surface.
# Imagine a vertical plumb line up the center of the wheel.
# Imagine a vertical plumb line up the center of the wheel.
# The wheel passes the test if it gives a clear metallic tone when tapped at all four points. If the wheel sounds dead at any of the four points, it is cracked. Do not use it.
# The wheel passes the test if it gives a clear metallic tone when tapped at all four points. If the wheel sounds dead at any of the four points, it is cracked. Do not use it.
=== Operation ===
* The magnetic chuck should never be turned off when the wheel is spinning: if, for some reason, the wheel comes in contact with a part when the chuck is off, it could kick it out, possibly hitting something or someone (at best), or causing a wheel explosion
* The magnetic chuck should never be turned off when the wheel is spinning: if, for some reason, the wheel comes in contact with a part when the chuck is off, it could kick it out, possibly hitting something or someone (at best), or causing a wheel explosion
* The spindle should never be turned on unless the wheel cover is fitted into place: if the wheel explodes when the cover is not fitted, nothing will protect you from the fragments
* The spindle should never be turned on unless the wheel cover is fitted into place: if the wheel explodes when the cover is not fitted, nothing will protect you from the fragments
** If the table exceeds its horizontal travel, it will hop off its ways, which can potentially cause a wheel crash
** If the table exceeds its horizontal travel, it will hop off its ways, which can potentially cause a wheel crash
=== Work holding ===
* Preparation
* Preparation
** Stone parts & workholding fixtures (e.g. the magnetic chuck, a grinding vice) every time the setup is changed (e.g. when a part is removed from the magnetic chuck for measuring)
** Stone parts & workholding fixtures (e.g. the magnetic chuck, a grinding vice) every time the setup is changed (e.g. when a part is removed from the magnetic chuck for measuring)
** Parts made of any other material need to be held using additional workholding fixtures (e.g. a grinding vice) which are themselves held by the magnetic chuck
** Parts made of any other material need to be held using additional workholding fixtures (e.g. a grinding vice) which are themselves held by the magnetic chuck
=== Health ===
* Dust / grit collection should always be turned on, because you do not want to breathe it
* Dust / grit collection should always be turned on, because you do not want to breathe it
* The operator should never put their hand (or any other body part) anywhere near the wheel when it's spinning
* The operator should never put their hand (or any other body part) anywhere near the wheel when it's spinning
** Even if the wheel is backed off from the magnetic chuck, the wheel should be turned off before parts are picked up off of the magnetic chuck, in case one of the hand-feed wheels is bumped, potentially causing the table to knock a body part into the spinning wheel
** Even if the wheel is backed off from the magnetic chuck, the wheel should be turned off before parts are picked up off of the magnetic chuck, in case one of the hand-feed wheels is bumped, potentially causing the table to knock a body part into the spinning wheel
== Grinding wheels ==
* Arbors
* Arbors
** Balancing
** Balancing
=== Wheel types ===
[[File:Surface-grinding-wheel-markings.jpg|thumb|right|Wheel type markings]]
[[File:Surface-grinding-wheel-markings.jpg|thumb|right|Wheel type markings]]
<blockquote>Every grinding wheel is marked by the manufacturer with a stencil or a small tag. The manufacturers have worked out a standard system of markings.</blockquote>
<blockquote>Every grinding wheel is marked by the manufacturer with a stencil or a small tag. The manufacturers have worked out a standard system of markings.</blockquote>
=== Wheel Shape ===
[[File:Surface-grinder-heel-shapes.jpg|thumb|right|Wheel shapes]]
[[File:Surface-grinder-heel-shapes.jpg|thumb|right|Wheel shapes]]
|}
|}
=== Grain size/grit ===
{|class="wikitable floatright"
{|class="wikitable floatright"
<blockquote>Abrasive grains are selected according to the mesh of a sieve through which they are sorted. For example, grain number 40 indicates that the abrasive grain passes through a sieve having approximately 40 meshes to the linear inch. A grinding wheel is designated coarse, medium, or fine according to the size of the individual abrasive grains making up the wheel. The softer and more ductile the material, the coarser the grain size. The larger the amount of stock to be removed, the coarser the grain size. The finer the finish desired, the finer the grain size.</blockquote>
<blockquote>Abrasive grains are selected according to the mesh of a sieve through which they are sorted. For example, grain number 40 indicates that the abrasive grain passes through a sieve having approximately 40 meshes to the linear inch. A grinding wheel is designated coarse, medium, or fine according to the size of the individual abrasive grains making up the wheel. The softer and more ductile the material, the coarser the grain size. The larger the amount of stock to be removed, the coarser the grain size. The finer the finish desired, the finer the grain size.</blockquote>
=== Hardness grade ===
<blockquote>The grade of a grinding wheel designates the hardness of the bonded material. A soft wheel is one on which the cutting particles break away rapidly while a hard wheel is one on which the bond successfully opposes this breaking away of the abrasive grain.</blockquote>
<blockquote>The grade of a grinding wheel designates the hardness of the bonded material. A soft wheel is one on which the cutting particles break away rapidly while a hard wheel is one on which the bond successfully opposes this breaking away of the abrasive grain.</blockquote>
<blockquote>The harder the material, the softer the wheel. The smaller the arc of contact, the harder the grade should be. The arc of contact is the arc, measured along the periphery of the wheel, that is in contact with the work at any instance. It follows that the larger the grinding wheel, the greater the arc of contact and, therefore, a softer wheel can be used. The higher the work speed with relation to the wheel speed, the milder the grinding action and the harder the grade should be.</blockquote>
<blockquote>The harder the material, the softer the wheel. The smaller the arc of contact, the harder the grade should be. The arc of contact is the arc, measured along the periphery of the wheel, that is in contact with the work at any instance. It follows that the larger the grinding wheel, the greater the arc of contact and, therefore, a softer wheel can be used. The higher the work speed with relation to the wheel speed, the milder the grinding action and the harder the grade should be.</blockquote>
=== Bonding material ===
<blockquote>The abrasive particles in a grinding wheel are held in place by the bonding agent. The percentage of bond in the wheel determines, to a great extent, the 'hardness' or 'grade' of the wheel. The greater the percentage and strength of the bond, the harder the grinding wheel will be. “Hard” wheels retain the cutting grains longer, while “soft” wheels release the grains quickly. If a grinding wheel is 'too hard' for the job, it will glaze because the bond prevents dulled abrasive particles from being released so new grains can be exposed for cutting. Besides controlling hardness and holding the abrasive, the bond also provides the proper safety factor at running speed. It holds the wheel together while centrifugal force is trying to tear it apart. The most common bonds used in grinding wheels are vitrified, silicate, shellac, resinoid, and rubber.</blockquote>
<blockquote>The abrasive particles in a grinding wheel are held in place by the bonding agent. The percentage of bond in the wheel determines, to a great extent, the 'hardness' or 'grade' of the wheel. The greater the percentage and strength of the bond, the harder the grinding wheel will be. “Hard” wheels retain the cutting grains longer, while “soft” wheels release the grains quickly. If a grinding wheel is 'too hard' for the job, it will glaze because the bond prevents dulled abrasive particles from being released so new grains can be exposed for cutting. Besides controlling hardness and holding the abrasive, the bond also provides the proper safety factor at running speed. It holds the wheel together while centrifugal force is trying to tear it apart. The most common bonds used in grinding wheels are vitrified, silicate, shellac, resinoid, and rubber.</blockquote>
|}
|}
=== Abrasive structure ===
[[File:Surface-grinding-wheel-structure.jpg|thumb|right|Wheel structure]]
[[File:Surface-grinding-wheel-structure.jpg|thumb|right|Wheel structure]]
<blockquote>Bond strength of a grinding wheel is not wholly dependent upon the grade of hardness but depends equally on the structure of the wheel, that is, the spacing of the grain or its density. The structure or spacing is measured in number of grains per cubic inch of wheel volume. The softer, tougher, and more ductile the material, the wider the grain spacing. The finer the finish desired, the closer, or more dense, the grain spacing should be.</blockquote>
<blockquote>Bond strength of a grinding wheel is not wholly dependent upon the grade of hardness but depends equally on the structure of the wheel, that is, the spacing of the grain or its density. The structure or spacing is measured in number of grains per cubic inch of wheel volume. The softer, tougher, and more ductile the material, the wider the grain spacing. The finer the finish desired, the closer, or more dense, the grain spacing should be.</blockquote>
=== Abrasive material ===
{|class="wikitable floatright"
{|class="wikitable floatright"
|}
|}
== Wheel selection ==
# First consider the material to be ground and its hardness. These affect the choice of abrasive and grade or hardness of the wheel.
# First consider the material to be ground and its hardness. These affect the choice of abrasive and grade or hardness of the wheel.
#* The higher the feed rate, the greater the grinding pressure is. If the grinding speed of workpiece must be increased, the feed rate will be increased, then the wear of the wheel will be faster. Therefore a harder grinding wheel is required.
#* The higher the feed rate, the greater the grinding pressure is. If the grinding speed of workpiece must be increased, the feed rate will be increased, then the wear of the wheel will be faster. Therefore a harder grinding wheel is required.
== Wheel dressing ==
[[File:Surface-grinder-wheel-dressing.png|thumb|right|The dresser should be angled backwards, in the direction of the wheel, and slightly left-of-center]]
[[File:Surface-grinder-wheel-dressing.png|thumb|right|The dresser should be angled backwards, in the direction of the wheel, and slightly left-of-center]]
</blockquote>
</blockquote>
= References =
== Publications ==
* [[:File:Boyer Schultz.pdf|Boyer Schultz 6-12 manual]]
* [[:File:Boyer Schultz.pdf|Boyer Schultz 6-12 manual]]
* [https://openoregon.pressbooks.pub/manufacturingprocesses45/chapter/chapter-5-surface-grinder/ "Manufacturing Processes 4-5" by LamNgeun Virasak, chapter 5: "Surface Grinder"]
* [https://openoregon.pressbooks.pub/manufacturingprocesses45/chapter/chapter-5-surface-grinder/ "Manufacturing Processes 4-5" by LamNgeun Virasak, chapter 5: "Surface Grinder"]
== Videos ==
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MofRhM_W-Vk Grinding Wheel fundamentals]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MofRhM_W-Vk Grinding Wheel fundamentals]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CsTbWAu0k-o Grinding Flat]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CsTbWAu0k-o Grinding Flat]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jtB_jtH__F0 Background info]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jtB_jtH__F0 Background info]
= Authorization =
Contact one of these people to get authorized:
{| class="wikitable"
|+ Authorized Authorizers
|-
| [[User:mct|McTavish McArdle]]
|}
== List of Currently Authorized Users ==
== List of Currently Authorized Users ==
| n/a (on danger committee)
| n/a (on danger committee)
|
|
|-
| [[User:Nerobro|Greg "Nerobro" Teiber]]
| [[User:mct|McTavish McArdle]]
| 8/17/18
|-
| [[User:Nerobro|Luis Colmenares]]
| [[User:mct|McTavish McArdle]]
| 8/17/18
|-
| [[User:Nerobro|Daniel Martinez Olivas]]
| [[User:mct|McTavish McArdle]]
| 8/17/18
|-
|[[User:ciacullo2|Chris Iacullo]]
| [[User:mct|McTavish McArdle]]
| 10/03/18
|-
|[[User:CrazyUncleDave|Dave Solomon]]
| [[User:mct|McTavish McArdle]]
| 12/06/18
|-
|[[User:drbonsai|Alex Zhu]]
| [[User:mct|McTavish McArdle]]
| 12/06/18
|-
|[[User:rchace|Raymond Chace]]
| [[User:mct|McTavish McArdle]]
| 11/12/19
|-
|}
|}