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[[Category:Science]]
[[Category:Science]]
= Er, what? =
= Overview =
== Er, what? ==
Yes. There are many, many types of spectroscopy. This ones involves magnets and radio frequencies, and can (potentially) tell you things about a liquid which is placed into a thin/tall glass tube. The principle under which it operates is the same as an MRI scanner, however, rather than making pictures, it makes squiggly lines. It is not a [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9Gq3UEAiWio Gas Chromatograph], nor a Mass Spec, as a few have called it...
Yes. There are many, many types of spectroscopy. This ones involves magnets and radio frequencies, and can (potentially) tell you things about a liquid which is placed into a thin/tall glass tube. The principle under which it operates is the same as an MRI scanner, however, rather than making pictures, it makes squiggly lines. It is not a [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9Gq3UEAiWio Gas Chromatograph], nor a Mass Spec, as a few have called it...
= But Why? =
== But Why? ==
* Because makerspace.
* Because makerspace.
* Because when life calls and lets you know you can have a 600lb magnet, naturally, you say yes.
* Because when life calls and lets you know you can have a 600lb magnet, naturally, you say yes.
** Activities, applications, and maybe some classes are pending.
** Activities, applications, and maybe some classes are pending.
= Getting Involved / Authorization =
== Getting Involved / Authorization ==
Do you know things about NMR or want to learn? Have interesting ideas on what we could use this for? Lets talk... We're still working out details on things like supplies (NMR tubes) and usage, however, the equipment is online, functional, and remotely accessible if you like.
Do you know things about NMR or want to learn? Have interesting ideas on what we could use this for? Lets talk... We're still working out details on things like supplies (NMR tubes) and usage, however, the equipment is online, functional, and remotely accessible if you like.
= Tech Specs =
== Tech Specs ==
* 60MHz / 1.4 Tesla Permanent Magnet
* 60MHz / 1.4 Tesla Permanent Magnet
* Has both a H-1 (Proton) and Carbon-13 Probe.
* Has both a H-1 (Proton) and Carbon-13 Probe.
* In spite of the EM360A being an extremely old instrument (c. late 1979 ish), it has been retrofitted with completely modern controls. This makes the instrument quite relevant even today.
* In spite of the EM360A being an extremely old instrument (c. late 1979 ish), it has been retrofitted with completely modern controls. This makes the instrument quite relevant even today.
= Safety =
== Safety ==
There are no safety risks to the user with the machine itself. While the machine does use a relatively strong (1.4 Tesla Permanent Magnet), it is deep inside, very well shielded, and ultimately even the strongest of permanent magnets are still just magnets. There are superconducting, helium-cooled, electromagnet NMRs out there which deserve some serious respect, however, what we have is just a regular permanent magnet. It is tame, and best of all, maintenance free! Nevertheless, if you prefer notoriety, you can decorate the beige box with "Danger" stickers regarding pacemakers, credit cards, hip implants, etc. It will undoubtedly be the most decorated NMR on the planet as a result. Beige box could use some flare...
There are no safety risks to the user with the machine itself. While the machine does use a relatively strong (1.4 Tesla Permanent Magnet), it is deep inside, very well shielded, and ultimately even the strongest of permanent magnets are still just magnets. There are superconducting, helium-cooled, electromagnet NMRs out there which deserve some serious respect, however, what we have is just a regular permanent magnet. It is tame, and best of all, maintenance free! Nevertheless, if you prefer notoriety, you can decorate the beige box with "Danger" stickers regarding pacemakers, credit cards, hip implants, etc. It will undoubtedly be the most decorated NMR on the planet as a result. Beige box could use some flare...
The instrument thus strikes a fairly wonderful balance of being pretty approachable.
The instrument thus strikes a fairly wonderful balance of being pretty approachable.
= Status =
== Functional Status ==
Full turnup and test complete with H1 and C13 probes functional.
Full turnup and test complete with H1 and C13 probes functional.
Celebrations were had by drinking beer with the machine (beige box partaking as well), and relative quantification of ethanol vs water were undertaken with wobbly, but within an order-of-magnitude results. Further adventures planned...
Celebrations were had by drinking beer with the machine (beige box partaking as well), and relative quantification of ethanol vs water were undertaken with wobbly, but within an order-of-magnitude results. Further adventures planned... It probably works at a given point. Probably needs electronic shimming if it has been sitting for a while.
= Operation =
== Overview ==
NMR uses thin glass tubes for samples. A sample needs to be liquid. Special solvents are often used to prepare a sample, but, direct analysis is possible. No harm in trying and seeing what happens.
= Terminology =
* NMR - Nuclear magnetic resonance
* TMS - Tetramethylsilane - A colorless liquid commonly used as a reference standard.
* Proton NMR - What they really mean is a Hydrogen Atom.
= Theory =
= Theory =
* First generation instruments would use a constant rf frequency but ramp the magnetic field up slowly, and this is in fact what this unit did in its original form.
* First generation instruments would use a constant RF frequency but ramp the magnetic field up slowly, and this is in fact what this unit did in its original form.
* Second generation instruments would keep the magnetic field constant but pulse the RF, covering the entire set of radio frequencies. Advances in computing and signal processing enabled Fourier transforms, and this is precisely what the retrofit to this instrument allows it to do.
* Second generation instruments would keep the magnetic field constant but pulse the RF, covering the entire set of radio frequencies. Advances in computing and signal processing enabled Fourier transforms, and this is precisely what the retrofit to this instrument allows it to do.
= Practice =
= Operation =
* Unless performing more elaborate techniques, NMR spectra are generally a squiggly line.
* Unless performing more elaborate techniques, NMR spectra are generally a squiggly line.
** Y-Axis is intensity, X-Axis is PPM.
** Y-Axis is intensity. Simple enough.
** 0ppm is defined as the
** X-Axis has quirks:
*** It technically represents the amount the frequency of whatever is being analyzed is higher than the signal from TMS (which is used for calibration and is considered 0).
*** Also, 0 starts from the right side. Higher frequencies are to the left 0 on the X-Axis (Historical Quirks)
*** Finally,
** 0ppm is defined to be where TMS gives a strong signal.
** Technically, we are measuring how many Hertz higher something
** PPM ultimately represents "chemical shift" and
** PPM ultimately represents "chemical shift" and
= Operation =
= Software =
The software has two parts:
The software has two parts:
* PNMR: Used to run the hardware, acquire spectra.
* PNMR: Used to run the hardware, acquire spectra.
