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There are 3 basic node types in things bus:
There are 3 basic node types in things bus:
* Sensors. Sensors produce data
* Sensors. Sensors produce data
* Actuators. Data Sinks consume data, and probably do something interesting with it.
* Actuators. Data Sinks consume data, and probably do something interesting with it.
* Neurons. Neurons take in sensory data, manipulate it in some way, and send the data to actuators.
* Neurons. Neurons take in sensory data, manipulate it in some way, and send the data to actuators.
=== Sensors ===
=== Sensors ===
A simple of an example of a sensor would be a temperature sense in the space. A temperature sensor would be a Raspberry Pi hooked into a temperature sense, and would send out the current temperature every 5 minutes.
A simple of an example of a sensor would be a temperature sense in the space. A temperature sensor would be a Raspberry Pi hooked into a temperature sense, and would send out the current temperature every 5 minutes.
Sensors make data available by using a zmq bind PUB socket.
Sensors make data available by using a zmq bind PUB socket.
=== Actuators ===
=== Actuators ===
An Actuator is something that, when triggered, does something. It doesn't have to be physical. An actuator could be as simple as an led wired into a Raspberry Pi that can be triggered by a Neuron.
An Actuator is something that, when triggered, does something. It doesn't have to be physical. An actuator could be as simple as an led wired into a Raspberry Pi that can be triggered by a Neuron.
Actuators consume data by using a zmq bind PULL socket
Actuators consume data by using a zmq bind PULL socket
=== Neurons ===
=== Neuron ===
Neurons communicate between sensors and actuators, and decide what effect, if any, sensory input should have on actuators.
There can be more complex arrangements, Neurons are free to communicate with other neurons, and can trigger actuators without sensory input, and can read sensor data without actually forwarding it to an actuator.
There can be more complex arrangements, Neurons are free to communicate with other Neurons, and can trigger actuators without sensory input, and can read sensor data without actually forwarding it to an actuator.
Neurons consume information around by using zmq connect SUB sockets to sensors
* Neurons consume information from sensors by using zmq connect SUB sockets to sensors
Nuerons send information to actualtors by using zmq connect PUSH sockets to actuators.
* Nuerons send information to actuators by using zmq connect PUSH sockets to actuators.
=== Mixed mode/Multi mode nodes ===
=== Mixed Mode and Multi Mode Nodes ===
A given node on the things bus is likely to be of more than one type, and may exist just to proxy information around, or analyze data and have it be re-emmited as a new type of sensor.
A given node on the things bus is likely to be of more than one type, and may exist just to proxy information around, or analyze data and have it be re-emmited as a new type of sensor.
Examples:
* A Dust Collection Node would likely be both a sensor (Is it on?) and an actuator (Turn it on)
== A Simple Example ==
The following is an example of a Neuron. It connects to sensory input, the hackerpspace's front and back doors, and sense data to an actuator, zirc, an actuator that writes data to #pumpingstationone on irc.freenode.net
Before running the example, you must have a recent python, recent libzmq installed, and must have pyzmq installed.
<syntaxhighlight lang="python">
#!/usr/bin/env python
import zmq
context = zmq.Context.instance()
# Create a zmq socket that will SUBscribe to door nodes.
door_socket = context.socket(zmq.SUB)
door_socket.connect("tcp://frontdoor.pumpingstationone.org:5556")
door_socket.connect("tcp://backdoor.pumpingstationone.org:5556")
# The doors send a lot of types of messages. We only care about "door.state.unlock" messages
door_socket.setsockopt(zmq.SUBSCRIBE, b"door.state.unlock")
# create a zmq socket that will PUSH data to our IRC actuator node.
zirc_socket = context.socket(zmq.PUSH)
zirc_socket.connect('tcp://sally.ad.pumpingstationone.org:5558')
# Loop forever
while True:
# Read messages from the doors
topic, message = door_socket.recv_multipart()
# Send the message to the irc channel
zirc_socket.send(message)
</syntaxhighlight>
== Hardware ==
We are targetting Beagle Bone Blacks for node hardware. While in theory, the hardware can be anything, having a consistent dev platform is useful.
The BBB has 2 blocks of GPIO lines, and the capability of supporting up to 4 Serial devices. A lot of the types of data we want to collect are available over gpio and serial.
== A simple example ==
== Things Bus Broker ==
For certain types of nodes, a broker that maintains state is useful.
For details of this system, see https://github.com/eastein/thingsbus
== Inter-Node Communication ==
{{ambox
|type=content
|text=The code snippits contain errors
}}
The software for a node can be written in any language that supports zmq and json.
Nodes send messages using json data. Sensors use zmq PUB/SUB. Actuators use zmq PUSH/PULL. Neurons use whatever they have to do get the job done, which means they SUB to sensors, and PUSH to actuators.
=== Code Snippits ===
Sensors send data like this:
import zmq
context = zmq.Context.instance()
socket = context.socket(zmq.PUB)
socket.bind('tcp://*:5556')
socket.send_multipart(('dot.delimited.filter', '{"json":"message"}'))
Neurons receive data like this:
import zmq
context = zmq.Context.instance()
sensor = context.socket(zmq.SUB)
sensor.connect("tcp://sensor.tld:5556")
sensor.setsockopt(zmq.SUBSCRIBE, b"dot.delimited.filter")
topic, message = sensor.recv_multipart()
data = json.loads(message)
Neurons send data like this:
import zmq
import zmq
context = zmq.Context.instance()
context = zmq.Context.instance()
actuator = context.socket(zmq.PUSH)
actuator.connect('tcp://actuator.tld:5558')
actuator.send_json(data)
Actuators receive data like this:
import zmq
context = zmq.Context.instance()
socket = context.socket(zmq.PULL)
socket.bind('tcp://*:5558')
data = socket.recv_json()
== Already Integrated ==
== Existing Nodes ==
See [https://wiki.pumpingstationone.org/Category:Things_Bus_Data_Sources things bus data sources] for things we already integrated with Things Bus.
See [https://wiki.pumpingstationone.org/Category:Things_Bus_Data_Sources things bus data sources] for things we already integrated with Things Bus.
** Netlogon
** Netlogon
** Access control
** Access control
** Server rack temp/power
